{"id":303,"date":"2009-03-11T13:54:34","date_gmt":"2009-03-11T12:54:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/?p=303"},"modified":"2015-01-25T02:09:56","modified_gmt":"2015-01-25T00:09:56","slug":"orientation-du-controle-des-comptes-recherche-danomalies-et-determination-de-points-de-controle-a-partir-dune-balance-generale-et-des-etats-financiers-cas-pratique","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/?p=303","title":{"rendered":"Orientation du contr\u00f4le des comptes : Recherche d&#8217;anomalies et d\u00e9termination de points de contr\u00f4le \u00e0 partir d&#8217;une balance g\u00e9n\u00e9rale et des \u00e9tats financiers (cas pratique)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A l&#8217;aide de la revue analytique, le commissaire aux comptes (ainsi que l&#8217;expert-comptable d&#8217;ailleurs) oriente ses contr\u00f4les de comptes, pr\u00e9pare son programme de travail. Une analyse sommaire de la balance g\u00e9n\u00e9rale permet d\u00e9j\u00e0 de d\u00e9celer des anomalies (par exemple un compte 486x cr\u00e9diteur) et de mettre en place des points de contr\u00f4le (par exemple une variation du compte 1013x doit \u00eatre justifi\u00e9e par des documents juridiques).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cette analyse est ais\u00e9e \u00e0 automatiser. Il suffit pour ce faire d&#8217;opposer une table de points de contr\u00f4le \u00e0 la balance g\u00e9n\u00e9rale. C&#8217;est pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment cette automatisation que j&#8217;ai param\u00e9tr\u00e9e sur la revue analytique que j&#8217;ai interfac\u00e9e avec la base de donn\u00e9es du logiciel AUDITSOFT (cf pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent article sur ce blog) et que je me propose de vous expliquer ci-apr\u00e8s.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La mise en \u0153uvre de ce cas pratique n\u00e9cessite ACCESS.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Pour r\u00e9sumer, voici comment j&#8217;ai mis en application cet outil :<\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Table de points de contr\u00f4le :<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">J&#8217;ai tout d&#8217;abord cr\u00e9\u00e9 une table des points de contr\u00f4le dans ACCESS dont voici un extrait :<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_COND.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1028\" title=\"PTCTRL_COND\" src=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_COND.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"477\" height=\"199\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_COND.jpg 477w, https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_COND-300x125.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_COND-1x1.jpg 1w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 477px) 100vw, 477px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">J&#8217;ai r\u00e9parti les points de contr\u00f4le en deux cat\u00e9gories (champ \u00ab Type_cond \u00bb) :<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">anomalie<\/span><\/strong>s apparentes qui d\u00e9cel\u00e9es attirent l&#8217;attention du r\u00e9viseur. Ce type de contr\u00f4les vise \u00e0 d\u00e9tecter les exceptions \u00e0 des r\u00e8gles comptables.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les <strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">points \u00e0 justifier<\/span><\/strong> qui concernent des sujets d&#8217;attention pour lesquels le r\u00e9viseur doit obtenir des documents justificatifs de la part des services comptables.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cette table fonctionne de la fa\u00e7on suivante :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les colonnes \u00ab R\u00e9fb \u00bb et \u00ab R\u00e9fh \u00bb d\u00e9finissent la tranche de compte concern\u00e9e par le point de contr\u00f4le. La colonne \u00ab Sens \u00bb fait figure de crit\u00e8re d\u00e9clenchant avec \u00ab D \u00bb pour d\u00e9biteur, \u00ab C \u00bb pour cr\u00e9diteur et \u00ab M \u00bb pour sens du solde indiff\u00e9rent. Si la tranche d\u00e9bute par \u00ab VARIATION_ \u00bb, ce n&#8217;est pas le solde qui sera utilis\u00e9 comme crit\u00e8re d\u00e9clenchant mais la variation du solde N \/ N-1 du compte.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Enfin, le champ \u00ab Libell\u00e9_cond \u00bb donne au r\u00e9viseur une indication sur le point d&#8217;attention \u00e0 traiter.<\/p>\n<p>Par exemple :<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_COND2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1030\" title=\"PTCTRL_COND2\" src=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_COND2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"415\" height=\"72\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_COND2.jpg 415w, https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_COND2-300x52.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_COND2-1x1.jpg 1w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 415px) 100vw, 415px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avec ce point de contr\u00f4le, chaque compte d\u00e9biteur (\u00ab D \u00bb) inscrit dans cette tranche (dont le compte 1013x) sera trait\u00e9 comme une anomalie.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ma requ\u00eate g\u00e8re les comptes de la balance g\u00e9n\u00e9rale (par exemple 1013x), les comptes de regroupement (par exemple 1x, 10x, 101x) et les postes des \u00e9tats financiers (par exemple capital social, capitaux propres). Pour simplifier l&#8217;expos\u00e9 ci-apr\u00e8s, je limiterai les exemples aux comptes de la balance.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Table \u00ab balance \u00bb<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Deux balances g\u00e9n\u00e9rales sont n\u00e9cessaires : N &amp; N-1. Il faudra les regrouper avec une requ\u00eate de regroupement (\u00ab <em>GROUP BY<\/em> \u00bb) puis adjoindre au num\u00e9ro de compte \u00ab \/1 \u00bb pour N et \u00ab \/2 \u00bb pour N-1.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/Source_EF.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1031\" title=\"Source_EF\" src=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/Source_EF.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"161\" height=\"82\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/Source_EF.jpg 161w, https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/Source_EF-1x1.jpg 1w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 161px) 100vw, 161px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">Requ\u00eate confrontant la balance g\u00e9n\u00e9rale avec les points de contr\u00f4le<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Ces deux tables d\u00e9finies dans ACCESS, il ne reste plus qu&#8217;\u00e0 les confronter \u00e0 l&#8217;aide d&#8217;une requ\u00eate. Le but de cette requ\u00eate est de lister la liste des comptes dont le solde ou la variation r\u00e9pond \u00e0 un certain crit\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/ReqSQL.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1032\" title=\"ReqSQL\" src=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/ReqSQL.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"505\" height=\"218\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/ReqSQL.jpg 505w, https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/ReqSQL-300x129.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/ReqSQL-1x1.jpg 1w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 505px) 100vw, 505px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(1) Liste la balance N (\u00ab <em>Right([r\u00e9f],1)=1<\/em> \u00bb) : num\u00e9ro de compte et solde.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(2) La balance N est fusionn\u00e9e avec le r\u00e9sultat de la requ\u00eate suivante.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les sous-requ\u00eates (5) et (7) fournissent les balances g\u00e9n\u00e9rales N &amp; N-1, puis sont fusionn\u00e9es l&#8217;une avec l&#8217;autre (6) avant d&#8217;\u00eatre retrait\u00e9es en variation N\/N-1 (3) (4).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em><span style=\"text-decoration: underline;\">R\u00e9sultat<\/span><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Extrait du r\u00e9sultat de la requ\u00eate :<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_RESULTAT.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-1034\" title=\"PTCTRL_RESULTAT\" src=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_RESULTAT.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"432\" height=\"280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_RESULTAT.jpg 432w, https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_RESULTAT-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2009\/03\/PTCTRL_RESULTAT-1x1.jpg 1w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 432px) 100vw, 432px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Le r\u00e9sultat fourni est int\u00e9ressant puisqu&#8217;il pr\u00e9sente deux anomalies (le r\u00e9sultat N-1 n&#8217;a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 affect\u00e9 et les charges constat\u00e9es d&#8217;avance sont cr\u00e9ditrices) et attire l&#8217;attention sur deux points \u00e0 justifier (des immobilisations produites par l&#8217;entit\u00e9 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 comptabilis\u00e9es et le compte 1512x a vari\u00e9 pendant l&#8217;exercice).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong><em>Conclusion<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A partir d&#8217;une simple balance g\u00e9n\u00e9rale, l&#8217;auditeur dispose d&#8217;une batterie de contr\u00f4les de base \u00e0 effectuer. C&#8217;est tout l&#8217;int\u00e9r\u00eat de cet outil d&#8217;analyse.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il est parfaitement adaptable \u00e0 d&#8217;autres types de contr\u00f4le (toutes les fois que l&#8217;on a besoin de confronter une liste de donn\u00e9es \u00e0 des crit\u00e8res de contr\u00f4le).<\/p>\n<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_counters\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/lang\/fr\/share-small.png\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:2px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_c=new Array(\"twitter\",\"facebook_like\",\"facebook_send\",\"email\",\"print\",\"linkedin\");var hupso_counters_lang = \"fr_FR\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"BenoitRiviere14\";var hupso_url_c=\"\";var hupso_title_c=\"Orientation%20du%20contr%C3%B4le%20des%20comptes%20%3A%20Recherche%20d%27anomalies%20et%20d%C3%A9termination%20de%20points%20de%20contr%C3%B4le%20%C3%A0%20partir%20d%27une%20balance%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale%20et%20des%20%C3%A9tats%20financiers%20%28cas%20pratique%29\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/counters.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A l&#8217;aide de la revue analytique, le commissaire aux comptes (ainsi que l&#8217;expert-comptable d&#8217;ailleurs) oriente ses contr\u00f4les de comptes, pr\u00e9pare son programme de travail. Une analyse sommaire de la balance g\u00e9n\u00e9rale permet d\u00e9j\u00e0 de d\u00e9celer des anomalies (par exemple un compte 486x cr\u00e9diteur) et de mettre en place des points de contr\u00f4le (par exemple une &#8230;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/?p=303\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading &lsquo;Orientation du contr\u00f4le des comptes : Recherche d&#8217;anomalies et d\u00e9termination de points de contr\u00f4le \u00e0 partir d&#8217;une balance g\u00e9n\u00e9rale et des \u00e9tats financiers (cas pratique)&rsquo; &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n<div style=\"padding-bottom:20px; padding-top:10px;\" class=\"hupso-share-buttons\"><!-- Hupso Share Buttons - https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/ --><a class=\"hupso_counters\" href=\"https:\/\/www.hupso.com\/share\/\"><img src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/buttons\/lang\/fr\/share-small.png\" style=\"border:0px; padding-top:2px; float:left;\" alt=\"Share Button\"\/><\/a><script type=\"text\/javascript\">var hupso_services_c=new Array(\"twitter\",\"facebook_like\",\"facebook_send\",\"email\",\"print\",\"linkedin\");var hupso_counters_lang = \"fr_FR\";var hupso_image_folder_url = \"\";var hupso_twitter_via=\"BenoitRiviere14\";var hupso_url_c=\"\";var hupso_title_c=\"Orientation%20du%20contr%C3%B4le%20des%20comptes%20%3A%20Recherche%20d%27anomalies%20et%20d%C3%A9termination%20de%20points%20de%20contr%C3%B4le%20%C3%A0%20partir%20d%27une%20balance%20g%C3%A9n%C3%A9rale%20et%20des%20%C3%A9tats%20financiers%20%28cas%20pratique%29\";<\/script><script type=\"text\/javascript\" src=\"https:\/\/static.hupso.com\/share\/js\/counters.js\"><\/script><!-- Hupso Share Buttons --><\/div>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","_links_to":"","_links_to_target":""},"categories":[39,40,6,282,470],"tags":[60,174,58,815,1631,1632,1633,87,57,42,283],"class_list":["post-303","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cas-pratiques","category-controle-des-comptes","category-mission-du-commissaire-aux-comptes","category-sql","category-techniques-daudit","tag-access","tag-anomalies","tag-auditsoft","tag-automatisation","tag-cas-pratiques","tag-controle-des-comptes","tag-excel","tag-orientation-de-la-mission","tag-requete-sql","tag-revue-analytique","tag-select-from-where-order-by"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":false,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/303","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=303"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/303\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5803,"href":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/303\/revisions\/5803"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=303"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=303"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.auditsi.eu\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=303"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}